Loom



Jlmff,n 24, 1930.

F. E. ASHTON LOOM Filed Jan. 31, 192el l 9 sheets-sheet 1 Y m WR l www xl m f. Su@ L. J .n 1 u MM -.4 N mi. 1 H A O v o w u 19- E@ 9 sw m6. n um Ibn. N Nm. ww hn mm n n w b wals, @GAK Nu t EN uw Qn. Lmg Nm SN T \Q` G. ol 0 \NM me N o o N. wm. o [f nw .n -mHmw 'INI/ENTOR: l famissmm,

ATTORNEY.

W1 TNLS srs F. E. ASHTON June 2.4, 1930.

' LOOM 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 31, 1928 INVENTOR: aMSEAs/@i/Lo,

WITNESE N ATTbRN-EY.

Jne 24, 1930. F E, ASHTON 1,768,096

LOOM

Filed Jan. s1. 192s 9 sheds-sheet 4 IN VEN TOR am'szlasm,

June 24, 1930. F. E. ASHTON y l1,768,996

` LOOM v Filed lian. s1, 192e 9 sheets-sheet 5 INVENToR WITNES SES:

aizczsAsz,

M 7 l ATTORNEY June 24, 1930. RE, ASHTON 1,768,096

Loom y l l Filed Jan. 31, 1928 9 Sheets--SheerI 6 WE 66 v v 6,6 WITNESSES: fa, INVENToR:

15g 190011618 Zijl-Shinn,

l BY

. ATTRNX June 24, 1930. F, E ASHTON mesma Loom . Filed Jan. :51. 192e 9 Smets-sheet 7 l m WITNESSES.- d INVENTOR.-

jancisAS/zioz@ l l Bl' if June 24, 1930. F. E. AsHToN 3,758,995

LOOM y Filed Jan. .31, 192B 9 Sheets-Sheet B INVENToR ailcs Als/Won,

ATToeNEY WITNESSES:

June 24, 1930.

F. E. ASHTON LOOM Filed Jan. 31, 192B Lsheets-sheet 9 WITNESSES:

l fabrics and face and back fabrics an lPatented June 24, 1930 UNITED ASTATES PATENT oFFlcE FRANCIS E. ASHTON, 0F CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 'IO ABERFOYLE A MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA; A CORPORATION' 0F v PENNSYLVANIA LOOM This invention relates to a loom for weavin double fabrics such as plush and face and back fabrics.

The loom of this invention is `akin to an application for improvement in loom, filed by this applicant on December 24th, 1927,

The loom'is practically noiseless in operation andia great advantage is that the danger from fiying shuttles and broken parts of shuttles and shuttle boxes will be entirely eliminated.

According to the invention the improved Serial No. 242,342, and much of the mechaloom for weaving plush fabrics, front and nism illustrated and described.' in that application is shown and will be described in connection with the present invention.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved loom for weaving double fabries such as plush and face and back material.

Another object of the invention is to prvide alloom which is highly eliicient, has fewer and simpler parts, and by the use of which the cost-of producing plush fabrics and front and back fabrics is materially reduced.

Another object is to provide a loom for weaving plush and face and back fabrics in which shuttles, shuttle boxes and picker mechanism is entirely eliminated.

Another object of this invention is to provide a loom in which a greater variety of colors of weft threads may be used.

Another object is to provide an improved loom for weavingplush fabric and face and back fabric and the like'in which there js less likelihood of defects such as caused by weft ends. i This improved loom for weaving lush the like also has the additional advantages set" weft cone and feeds therefrom,

forth., in the pending application above referredto and'which may be summarized as follows 7 The cost ofwinding bobbinsis eliminated as no bobbins are used; the initial cost and the cost of maintaining shuttles and shuttle boxes is also saved as none of theseelements are used; on account of the weft threads being 'fed directly from cones, v the loom is capable of' continuous operation as it is not necessary to stop the same -to replace bobbins as in the conventional loom; the weft threadsl being supplied from an exterior and stationary source'may be replenished at any time without stopping the loom.

ceived b a needle, disengaged from the car v rier, an carried to the other side of the shed at which point both weft'threads are cut by suitable cutting means which also acts as a stop mechanism when either` of the weft threads is wanting; and means for actuating the carriers and needles. The drawings Yillustrate an embodiment of 4.the invention and the views therein arel as follows :-f

Figure 1 is a front view of an improved loom, l

Figure 2 is an elevational .view fromthe left end of the loom with the top, pattern' chain, harness andother parts omitted,

Figure 3 is a partial section` on the line- 3 3 of Figure 2, I 1 Figure 4 is la plan view of the right side of the loom with a' portion of the' front -broken out'and shows an arrangement ofthe Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section, taken on the line5-5 of Figure 4, A looking in the direction of the arrows, i

Figure 6 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 6--6 of Figure 1, and showsthe 4means for severing the weft threads, re-

leasing them from the needles, and means for stopping the loom when the weft thread is omitted from either shed,

Figure 7 is a' horizontal section taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 1, 'andshows the operativevmounting'for the carrier which is identical with the mounting for the needle, Figure 8 is a partial plan of the loom with I i the center removed and shows the weft needle so that upon the separation of. thecarriers and needles the threads will be re tained by the latter.

(threads,

Figure 14 is a vertical section on the line 14-14 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows, Figure 15 is a perspective view of one of the bifurcated swivel clamps which engage the levers-'for actuating the carriers and needles,

Figure 16 1s a like view of the swivell mounting,

Figure 17 is an enlargedsection through the weft threads of a face and back? fabric and shows the manner in which the warp sheds are provided 4for weaving the weft Figure 18 is a like view ofplush-/fabric and in addition to the separate warps for weaving the face and back of the fabrics shows an additional warp shed which provides the fell or nap, and

36 for carrying the Figure 19 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 19-19 of Figure 8, looking in the direction of the-arrows.

`Like parts in each of the figures of the drawings are characterized by like reference numerals. The loom comprises a frame 30, arches 31,

` dobby 32, pattern cylinder v32', breast beam 33, hand rail 34, lay 35, reeds 35', swords ay and vhand rail, temples 37', pulleys 37 and shipper handle 38.

hese parts are arranged in the usual vcus-4 tomary manner' and' operate in the same way as the conventional loom.

The pulley is provided with a gear 394 which meshes -with alarge gear 41 on the main dri-ve shaft 42.l This drive shaft is mountedi 1 1 suitable bearings '43 on each `side of thejloom frame and isl extended there- 4 from at each end and said shaft ends are mounted in bearings 44supportedon pedestals 46 which are suitably'anchoredby means of the bolt 47.

N eedlcs and carriers Fi res 9 and 10 show a needle 45 such Vas a a ted for use on this improved loom, and F1 resll and-12 show a-'carrier 50, while lgure 13 shows the manner in which the needles and carriers cooperate to lay'- the,warp threads in the upper and lower vwarp sheds.

The needles and carriers comprise the .cal so t at the detail mechanism for thecarrier only has been shown. Two of the rods 51, as shown in Figure 13, are suitably mountedl between up er and lower slide bars 52 which are provided at' the rear end with -a -suitablespacing block 53 and at the front end-with a spacing block 54 vwhich has bushings' 56 in which the rods 51 are adapted to slide. These bushings may be replaced Afrom time to time as the same wear by unscrewing the set screw and drawing the same over the carrier. The blocks 53 and 54are each .provided with an eye bolt 57 at a point near thev center of one side of said blocksand the eye'bolt has a'lock nut 58 thereon for permanently securing the eye of the bolt at the required distance from the block after lithas been properly adjusted. A,rod 59l extends between and passes through the eyes of the eye bolts 57 and its ends are threaded and e e, and these nuts' embrace the eye and c amp the rod securely iny place. The rear ends of t-he rods 51 are mounted in a crosshead 62 which slides between the bars 52 and-one side of the cross-head extends outward from said bars and has a; hole 63 through the same through which the rod .95 provided with nuts 61 on -eachside of each 59 passes by a sliding fit so that the said cross-head may move along `the same and be guidedpthereby. On its other side the cross-head 62 is provided with'a plate 64 which engages 'the outer faces of the bars 52 and this movement o the cross-head in the slide bars 52. `A bolt 66 extends into the crosshead on the same side as the plate 64 and through said plate and this bolt is provided with a lock nut 67 fory positioning the same and securing it against rotation. A- link 8 is pivotally mounted at its upper end between said nut and the head, of said bolt.

, This mechanism is clearly shown in Fi ure 7 when considered in connection' with ligure 13 andv the mounting of the needles is plate tends to prevent lateral -1 exactly the same as that-described except that the parts are in reverse position.

These slide bars 452 are mounted on extensions on eachl end of the lay 35 and the needles and carriers extend toward the center of the' loom while the upperv needle and cated arms 69 as shown in Figure 1'1, and each arm is provided with a slot 70 as shown in Figure 12. The needles 45 each have a lower lip 71 which is provided with a central passage 72 extending a short distance inward from the end of the same and said needle has an overhanging shoulder 73. Extending from the center of this shoulder is a hook 74 and the retracted end of this hook lies within the recess `72 on the lower lip 71 and isprovided with a small space around the same to permit the weft th/read to pass thereunder when engaged by the carrier. Figure 13 shows the manner in which the weft threads are trans- -ferrd from the carriers to the needles.

' N e'dle and @arf/ier operating mebham'sm Near each end'of the drive shaftv 42 is a drum 76 which has a continuous cam ridge 77 surrounding the same and this cam is.

` the inner end thereof and its downwardly turned end is fastened to an upright 82 se-y cured to the loom frame by bolts 83. A slide bar 84 is slidably mounted in a square hole i-na bracket 86 secured to the upri ht 82 .andin a square hole in the angle vbrac et 87 secured to .the 'outer end of the bar 81 and standard-79. This slide bar "arries a cam follower consisting of a plate 88 pivv otally mounted thereon by a pin 89, and the 91 which are 'spaced plate is provided with a pair" of idle rolls to admit the cam ridge i 77 between the same so that upon the rotation of the' camdrum 76,` the rolls 91 and plate-88 will follow the said cam ridge an'd the slide bar 84 -will be moved to and fro.

in the square holes of the brackets 86 and 87. The pivotal pin 89 will ermitthe easy operation of the ollower.

ending leg 92 at the lower end of which 1s a'horizont'ally dis.- posed pin 93 which extends under-the bar 81 and pivotally connects with one end of alink l94 1. whose other end is pivotally connected at 96 to a lever 97 an this lever is pivotally connected `at its upper end to the link 68 which is in turn plvotally secured 'on the bolt 66 carried by the cross-head sition near the center of the bar 81 and t isl which operates in the slide bars.52.

An a le bracket 98 is mounted at a bracket has an extending flange to which a swivel bracket y99 is securely fixed. This swivel bracket (see Figure 16) has a dependhe slide bar '84' of which ing leg 101 which has holes 102 therethrough for securing itto the an le bracket by bo ts passing through said ho es and said swivel bracket has a main body portion 103 having a hole 104 for receiving a pin 106 extending` outward from the blfurcated swivel 107 (see Figure 15). The lever 97 fits between the bifurcations of this swivel and is pivvotally mounted therein. The pivotal mount'-v ing of a pin 106 permits the lever to be readily moved backward and forward as the lay is moved by the swords to beat the weft threads into the fell of the fabric.

The cam drum 76 may be sfo arranged on the drive shaft 42 that the needles may operate a trifle behind the carriers or vice versa so that the needles engage the carriers at the moment. they are changin or immediately after they change, their 1rection of travel. This will prevent any excessive tension or strain on the weft threads during the transfer from the carirers to the needles.

One revolution of the'cam drums provides two complete operations of the needles and carriers and consequently two weaves of A weft thread.

Selective mechanism for/'weft threads Onthe righthand4 side of the loom-frame as viewed from the front thereof (see Fi u res lfand 4), a platform 108 is suitab mounted. This platform, is provided with a plurality of upri htsfor supporting. any required number o cones' 109 which carry the weft threads. These cones are arranged in rows and the cones of each row are stag` gered in relation to the cones of the adjacent rows and each row is provided with an arched thread guide 111V over which the thread from the` cones is drawn. These to insure no interference between the threads of the several cones, and may be made from heavy wire or thin rods bent to shape.. i

The weft threads which 'are drawn from the cones pass through eyelets in thevguide plate-112 which is positioned vertically' between thel arches 31 andaafter passing through these eyelets, the weft/threads pass through eyeletsin the guide plate 113 and through eiyelets inl the -guide plate 114, both atter-named guide plates are horizontally disposed. After the weft threads have passed'through the threadguide 114 they. pass through a vertical guide plate 115 which is secured to the loom frame and these threads pass through said guide horizontall the weft threads for the upper A. warp s ed bei *disposed in the upper e el lets and the n: y 'shed beingdis we threads for the lower weft ed' in the lower eyelets.

4thread guides may be of 4different heights' eyeletsin the' guide late v115 each individual weft thread I:isses o erated heddle 118. The weft threads t en pass through a` wire guide 119 which confines them -and from thence they pass to the selvage edges on the right hand side ofthe cloth C. Ihe heddles 118 are suitably .supported by heddle straps 131 which are in turn connected to the jack wires which pass over the pulleys 122 and are each connected with their respective jack 123 which is operated by the dobby 32 through the pattern chain '124 on the pattern cylinder 32 TheF heddles are connected at their lower ends with long helical springs 126 which are in turn connected-to the base of the machine or the floor 127 so that when released by the jacks theweft threads will be lowered.

By reference to Figure 5 and assuming that there are but four cones on the platform 108 and that two are used for the lower warp shed and two for the upper warp shed, two ofl the heddles, i. e. one

.carrying the weft of each shed will be in their lowered positions as shown at 125 and 130 while two of the heddles 125 and 130 each carrying the thread of the color selected for each of the warp sheds will -be drawn upward. If desired each of the heddles may be provided with two eyelets, one carrying a weft for the upper shed and the other carrying a weft for the lower shed. All these warp threads pass in close proximity to the right hand side'of the sheds formed by the warp threads which have been designated as 128 and -128 or'the lower vshed and 129 and 129 for the upper shed and the .be described later `in connection with. the

description of Figure 18.

It will of course be understood that the selection of the weft threads, two of which ,are shown in osition to be engaged by the carriers and w ich threads have been characteri'zed by the numerals 132 and 132 will be controlled entirelv from the attern chain acting through t e dobby w 'ch operates the required )ac'ks to raise the hed dles carrly/` T e 1n the selected colors of weft thread.

oter weft threads (which in this particular instance where eight weft threads are shown, consist of six threads) will be disposed below the path of travel of their rev, spective carriers and consequently will re? main idle until such time as one or anotherl of the same is selected for passage through its warp shed b the pattern chain. n

The wire gui e 119 has its looped Vend dis-` I 4posed at an angle in orderlto draw the weft threads close together and confine them within a small area so thatV they can be .readily engaged by the carriers when selected and elevated to a at the inner end between the thereby.

position to be engaged 7 It will of course be understood that the l as they are by the pattern chain can bel woven to simultaneouslyl provide different patterns in the upper and lower warp sheds. Consequently, when face and back material is being woven, the face and back may be of entirely different patterns, such for in stance as a solid color for the face and al plaid design for the back.

v Stop mechanism The drive shaft 42 is provided with a carb 133 which operates a bell crank 134 whose upper end is provided with a pair of fingers 140 and. 140 which are disposed one above the other and which normall extend into a vrecess 136 in the upper an lower latches 137 and 137 This cam is so shaped as to provide two actuations of the bell crank for each revolution of the. shaft 42. The latches 137 and l137 are each pivotally mounted pen sides of a slide 138 andat the inner end'thereof .by means of a pivoting screw 139.. These screws. areeach securely fixed in its respective latch which tilts when its screw is turned... rIhese pivoting screws extend outward from the .right hand side of the slide and a knife 141is securelyv fixed on each of said screws by means of suitable lock nuts. The slide is mounted on the breast beam 33 between the guidesv145 and is 'provided with a recess 142 near its outer end into which the end of Va rocker arm 143 extends. This rocker arm is fixedl secured by its other end to a shaft 144 whic extends across the loom and is journaled in brackets 146 on each side thereof: This shaft is provided on the end opposite to that on which ion l The recesses 136 in the latches 137 and I 4137 each provide a rear wall 148 which is simultaneously raised by the weft threadstilted to raise the rear walls 148 out of the path of said lingers as the upperl end of the bell crank is moved to and fro by the cam 132. This device is for the purpose of stopping the machine in case either of the weft threads is not engaged by its selector 50 and carried by its war shed. The absence of either warp threa permits the respective latch to remain stationary and its rear wall l reed 35 carried by the lay and hand rail moves vforward to beat the weft threads into the fell of the cloth, the weft threadsare pressed against the knives 141 which tilt downward as shown b the dotted lines in Figure 6, and the late es 137 and' 137' are rocked, thereby raising the end wallsA 148 above the path of the fingers 140 and 140. The cam 133 is so positioned on the drive shaft 42 that it will operate the bell crank to move the fingers on the upper arm thereof at the same instant that the weft threads 151 strike against the v knives 141 and tilt the latches 137 and 137 upward to clear the path for the fin ers on the upper end of the bell crank so t at they will pass unobstructed throu h the recess 149. Incase either of the weft t reads is omitted, for any reason, there is nothingto strike against the knife to tilt the latch 137 or the latch 137. whichever the case may be, so that upon the actuation of the bell crank 133'by the cam 132, the finger on the upper end of the bell crank which operates in th latch adapted to be raised by l the weft threadwhich-has been omitted, will strike against the rear wall l148 of said latch and will move the slide and latch outward, thereby rocking the rocker 'arm 143v and rotating shaft 144 which in turn. rocks the lever 147 causing it to strike against the pivoted trip 152 and move the shipperjhandle out of its lockin groove 153 whereupon said shi per'which 1s formed of spring metal wil spring outward and stop the loom..

The product of the Zoom v Figure 17 illustrates the manner of weaving a face and back fabric. It will be noted that the weft threads'which have designated 154 constituting the face of the cloth are much finer lthan the wefts 15,6 which form the back of the cloth. However any design and diameter of threads may be used as desired. The pattern chain is so arrange that the upper warp shedv which I have indicated by A andthe lower Warp shed indicated by B are changed'by the tol intermittently pass a warp thread 157 vpoint `equidistant heddles so as fabric having diierent designs or patterns on its face and back. I

Figure' 18 illustrates a manner in. which the plush fabricis produced.

For this description refer also Figure 5 which shows the -pile shed formed by the Warp threads 135 and 135. rllhe lower shed is formed by the warp threads 128 and 128 from the face of the cloth to the back of the i and the upper shed by the warp threads 129 and 129. The selected weft threads are shown at 131 and 131. These'threads having been woven into the upper and lower sheds by the carriers and needles are beaten into the fell of the lower and upper faces of the cloth respectively 4by the reed whichv is carried on the lay. It will be noted that the pile shed is constantly changed or the threads 135 and 135 alternated in order to form the transverse threads which are indicated by the numeral 158 and which form the pile or nap of the fabric. Thewaip threads for providin the pile `shed and consequently the pile t reads 158 are carried on a separate warp beam .(not shown as this is present in the conventionalloom), and this beam travels considerably faster than the main warp beam carrying the warp threads.128,`128, 129 and 129 as greater lengths of the pile warp are being constantly woven into the material. I

These views are, of course, .lreatly enlarged and are to a certain exte diagram- 'matic in order that the weaving may be readily understood and the lush material is produced by cutting the pi e threads at a from the faces formedby the weft threads 131 and 131"in orderI to produce two separate lengths of plush-fabric.

It will of course be understoodthat the loom may be utilized by arranging the pattern chain to produce any desired double facedl fabric and, if desired, two, separate and unconnected lengths of cloth may be lsimultaneously produced in a loom designed in accordance with this invention.

Operation-'of the Zoom The cones containingv the required colors for weaving the weft into the face and back sheds lof the fabric are placedupon the uprights-on the platform 108 and the proper threads are drawn through the eyelets in the v guide plate 112, thence through the eyelets 1n the'guide lates 113 and'114 and then the threads w ich are to be. woven into the upper shed are passed through the upper eyelets and the threads which are to be woven into the lower shed are passed through'the lower eyelets in the guide plate.

115. Fromthis point each o the weft 'the cloth in any suitable manner, such as by tying.

Assuming that the warp threads (which may be single or double as shown)` have been threaded from the main warp beam through the eyelets of their respective heddles in order to form' the upper and lower warp sheds, and in case the plush is being woven the pile warp threads 135 and v135 haveA been passed from the pile warp beam and through the respective heddles vfor forming thelpile shed, and the pattern chain has been placed vponthepattern cylinder. The machine is now ready for operation.

The shipper handle 38 which is formed of spring metal is pulled toward the warp until it rests in therlocking groove 153. This action shifts the belt on the pulleyy 37 so that the gear 39 is set in motion andthis gear rotates the gear 41 which in turn rotates'the drive shaft 42. The cam drums 76 being Asecured on the drive shaft are ro-j tated and the followers 88 will move along 55 and carriers 60 respectively toward the centers of the warp sheds.

Previous, however, to the movement of the carrier and needle, the vpattern chain has operated twov ofl the heddles which carry the. warp threads and has raised a warp.

threadof selected color to a position directly in line with the path of travelof each of the carriers' which, upon actuation, carry the selected wefts to` the approximate center of the sheds and deliver the said wefts to the needles which have moved to that point simultaneously withV said carriers. The en.

gagement of the' carriers and needles and the manner of delivering the thread from-thef` former to the latterl areillustrated in Figure'13.', y

As soon asthe needles have been l'fully retracted from their respective sheds, the lay and hand raill'carrying the reed ae'swung forward on their swords 36 in order to beat the wea .threads into the'fen of the face and back of thel cloth. The weft threads- 60' thus pushed forward' will strike against the knives 141- and tilt the same to raise the latches 137 andf137 so that the fm ers 140 A"meansfor'providing' a plurality of warp and140 on the u per end ofthe be l crank, which i's operate Aby the cam 1,32 fon the drive shaft 42, will pass under therear wall 'v chain', and means'for simultaneously passing :hand rail 34, and the ends of the a of said latches and within the recess 149 in the slide 138. l

When the knives y,are tilted to their fixed limits, the pressure of the weft threads against the same will sever the threads and release them from the needles and the weft threads will be beaten into the fell, the ends thereof, however, extending from the edge of the woven-fabric.

4 During .the time thatv the reed is beating and this is repeated in precisely the same manner throughout the weaving operation.

The eyelets in the guide plates are arranged to provide just/suliicient tension to prevent any snarling of the weft threads and at the same time permit them to be readily passed into the respective Warp sheds so that there will be no breakage of the weft threads which would stop the loom and tend to produce defective fabric.

Of course, the loom herein shown and descri-bed may be modified and changed in various ways Vwithout departing from the invention herein set forth and hereafter claimed.

. The invention is hereby claimed as followsz-ez u v1. In a loom means to, rovide concurrent and successive jacent said sheds, means forselectively raising one of said threads for each shed, means for engaging and carrying said selected weft threads to theapprommate center of s ame tothe other side-ofv said sheds.

Y 2. In -avloom for weaving double fabric, means to provide concurrent and successive v'Warp sheds, a plurality of'weft threads adjacent said'shed's, means for selectively raising onev of saidthreads for each of `said sheds, carriers for engaging and carrying saidselectedfweft threads to the approximate'center of 'said sheds,^and needles for receiving 'and ,disengaging said weft threads and carrying the'l same tothe other side of sai/d sheds. p f

3, In a loom 4forweaving double fabric,

sheds, apluralit vof weft threads each car- .said sheds, and means for receiving and dis- 'engaging said weft threads and carrying the rie'd by a hed e controlled by a pattern' I means for providing a plurality of Warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads each carried by a heddle controlled by va pattern chain, and carriers and needles for simultaneously passing a selected weft thread through. each shed. v

5. In a loom for Weaving double fabric,

means for providing a plurality of Warp,

sheds, a Aplurality of weft threads each carried by a heddle controlled by a pattern chain, and reciprocating means for simultaneously passing a selectedv weft thread througheach shed.

6. In av loom for weaving double fabric, means vfor providing a plurality. of Warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads each carried by av heddle controlled by a pattern chain, and a plurality of reciprocating-carharness means controlled by a pattern chain riers and reciprocating needles for simultaneously passing selected weft threads through each shed.

7. Ina loom for Weaving double fabric, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming concurrent and successive Warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the reciprocating carriers and reciprocating needles adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the approximate center thereof, means for successively positioning selected weft threads for engagement by said carriers and delivery to said needles at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft threads are drawn completely through said sheds upon the Vretraction'of said needles, means 'engaging said weft' threads When the same'are beat into the vfell of the cloth to sever said threads and release same from said needles, and means controlled by said last named means to stop said loom when any weft thread jis omitted.

8. In a loom for Weaving double fabric, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming concurrent and successive Warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposedv remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating.v carriers v and reciprocating needles adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the approximate center thereof, means for successively positioning selected weft threads 'for engagement by said carriers and delivery to said "needles at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft threads are drawn completely through said sheds upon the retraction, of

y said needles, tiltable means engaging said weft threads when same are beat into the fell ofthe cloth to sever said threads and re lease same from said needles, and means controlled by saidlast named means to stop said loom when any weft thread is' omitted.

9. In a loom for Weaving double fabric, harness means controlled by .a pattern chain side of the shed,

for forming-concurrent and successive Warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating carriers and reciprocating needles adapted to enter the shed from oppo site sides and meet in the approximate eente'r thereof, means for successively positioning selected weft vthreads, for engagement by said carriers and delivery to said needles at the approximate center of the completely throughsaid sheds upon the retraction of said needles, tiltable knives engaging said weft threads when saine are beatintothe fell of the cloth to sever said threads and release same from said needles, and means controlled by said last named means to stop said loom When any vweft thread is omitted.

10. In ay loom for- Weaving double fabric,

forforming concurrent and successive Warp sheds, a plurality of Weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the sheds, reciprocating carriers and reciprocating needles adapted toenter the sheds from opposite sides and lmeet in the approximate center thereof, heddles individually operated by the 'pattern chain for successivelyposi tioning selected weft threads for engagement by said carriers .and delivery to the needles at the approximate center of each shed whereby said weft threads are drawn completely through said sheds upon the retraction of said needles; means engaging said weft threads when same are beat into the fell of the fabric to .sever said threads and release same from said needles, and means comprising a bell crank operating a slide controlled by said last named means to stop saidl loom when any weft thread is omitted.

y 11. In a vloom for Weaving double fab-V shed Wherebysaid weft threads are drawn l" rie, harness means controlled by a 'pattern/ drawn completely through said sheds upon j the retraction of said needles, tiltable knives engaging said weft threads when same are beat into the fell of the'cloth to sever said threads to release same from said needles,

and means comprisinga bell crank operating a slide controlled'byv said knives to stop said loom'whenv any weft is omitted.

12. A loom for' Weavingv double' fabric comprising means .for providing v concurrent present a portion of each weft at right angles to the direction of travel thereof, .and means to receive and disengage said weft threads and carry same through said warp sheds.

13. A loom for Weaving double fabric comprising means for providing concurrent warp sheds, means to engage weft threads and to` carry the same into said sheds and to present a portion of each v weft at right angles to the direction of travel thereof, and

means to engage the right angular parts of said' threads, disengage said threads from said engaging means, and carry same through said warp sheds.

14. A. loom for Weaving double fabric comprising means for providing concurrent and successive Warp sheds, separate means slidably mounted on each side of said loom adapted to approach the approximate center of said sheds, and the means on one side adapted to engage and carr a looped weft thread and to presenta portlon thereofy at right angles to the direction of its travel, and the means on the other side adapted to engage the right angular portion of saidl thread and disengage it therefrom, land Ameans for retracting'said carrying and re,-

ceiving means from said sheds.

15. A loom for Weaving double fabric comprising means for providing concurrent and successive Warp sheds, cam operated carriers each adapted to carry a looped weft thread to the approximate center of the sheds and to present a portion at right angles to the direction of travel thereof, cam o erated needles adapted toj engage the rig t angular portion and disengage said looped threads from said carriers, and -means for retractng said carriers and needles from said sheds.

16. In a loom for Weavingidouble fabric, means to provide concurrent and successive Warp sheds, a plurality o f weft threads'in selective arrangement, cam operated .meansmoving simultaneously from each side of.

the sheds and adapted to approach thecenter of each shed, the means on one side being adapted'tocarry selected weft threads an to present a portionA thereof at right angles to the direction of travel, and the means on the other side. adapted to engage the right angular portion and to disengage .the said weft threads therefrom at the ap roximate centers of the sheds, and-means. or simultaneously retracting each of said moving means. i 'l 17. I'n a loom for Weaving double fabric, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming a plurality' of concurrent and.

successive warp sheds, a` plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from'the side of thehead, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter each shed from opposite sides and meet in v the approximate center thereof, heddles operated by the pattern chain for successively positioning'selected weft threads for enr gagement by the carriers, said carriers bein forked so as to present a portion of sai weft thread at right angles to the direction of travel of said carrier, and to permit ther reciprocating needles to enter said fork -to engage the ri ht angular portion to disengage the we t threads `from said carriers and carry 'the same completelythrough said Warp sheds.

18. In anloom for weaving double fabric, harness means controlled by a pattern chain o. for forming a plurality of concurrent and s successive\,warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the head,'a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter each, shed from opposite sides and meet in the?. approximate center thereof, heddles operated by the pattern chain for successively positioning selected weft threads for engagement y the carriers, said carriers bein forked so as to present a portion of sai weft thread at right angles to the direction of travel of 'said carrier, and to permit the reciprocating needles to enter said fork to engage the right angular portion to disengage the weft threads from said carriers and carry the same completely through said Warp sheds, and knife means engaged i by said weft threads to sever the same and dlsengage them from said needle after being drawn completely through the Warp sheds. i 19. In a loom for weaving double fabric, harness-means controlled by a pattern chain for forming a plurality of concurrent and successive Warp sheds, `a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the head, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter each shed from opposite sides and meet 1n the e.

approximate center thereof, heddles operated by tle pattern chainr for successively positioning selected weft threads for enagement b v the carriers, said carriers mg forke so as' to Apresent a portion of said weft thread at right angles to the direction of travel of s id carrier, and lto permit the reciprocating-needles to enter said fork .to engage the right angular portionto disengage" the `weft threads from said carriers and carry thel samev COIIlPletely through said warp sheds, and knife means engaged by said weftthreads to sever vthe same and disengage them from said needle` after being drawn completely through; the warp sheds, and in the absenceof-,Saidweft threads or either of said-loom.

In testimony name to this specification.

FRANCIS E. ASHTON. 13a

them, to operate tostop `whereof I have 'signed my 

